play the fool

* * *

* * *

fŭro, ŭi ( perf. rare, Sen. Orest. 846; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 41 al.;

usually supplied by insanivi,

Diom. p. 376 P.; Prisc. 817 P.; gen. plur. part. sync. furentum, Verg. A. 11, 838), 3, v. n. [cf. Gr. thouros, hasty; thorein, thrôskô, to leap; cf. thêr, wild; Lat. fera, ferox; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 256], to rage, rave (in sickness or when in a passion), to be out of one's mind, to be mad, furious (syn.: insanio, deliro, desipio).

Lit. (class.): quem nos furorem, melancholian illi (Graeci) vocant:

quasi vero atra bili solum mens ac non saepe vel iracundiā graviore vel timore vel dolore moveatur: quo genere Athamantem, Alcmaeonem, Ajacem, Orestem furere dicimus, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

quid est aliud furere, non cognoscere homines, non cognoscere leges, non senatum,

id. Pis. 20, 47; cf.:

qui valetudinis vitio furunt et melancholici dicuntur,

id. Div. 1, 38, 81; and Dig. 23, 2, 9:

primum inquiram, quid sit furere, etc.,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 41:

insanire ac furere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

furere et bacchari,

id. Brut. 80, [p. 797] 276; cf.: non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis: recepto Dulce mihi furere est amico, to play the fool, act foolishly (an imitation of the Anacreontic thelô thelô manênai), Hor. C. 2, 7, 28:

Telamon iratus furere luctu filii videretur,

to be distracted, Cic. de Or. 2, 46, 193:

ille, si non acerrime fureret, auderet, etc.,

id. Pis. 21, 50: furere adversus aliquem, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 61:

num furis? an prudens ludis me obscura canendo?

Hor. S. 2, 5, 58:

furit ille dolore,

Ov. M. 12, 478:

amore,

Val. Fl. 5, 427; cf.: ex quo destiti Inachia furere, to be madly in love with (Gr. mainesthai epi tini), Hor. Epod. 11, 6:

in aliqua,

Quint. Decl. 289:

in celeres iambos Misit (me) furentem,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 25.—

With acc. and inf.:

(Clodius) furebat, a Racilio se contumaciter urbaneque vexatum,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3.— With inf.:

furit vinci dominus profundi,

Sen. Med. 597:

ecce furit te reperire atrox Tydides,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 27.—

With acc. ( poet.):

hunc sine me furere ante furorem,

Verg. A. 12, 680:

praecipuum tunc caedis opus, Gradive, furebas,

Stat. Th. 9, 5.—

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

nubes interdum perscissa furit petulantibus auris,

Lucr. 6, 111; cf.:

furit mugitibus aether concussus,

Verg. G. 3, 150:

ventus,

Lucr. 6, 687:

impetus Aetnae,

id. 2, 593; cf.:

flamma in Aetna,

Hor. Epod. 17, 33:

ignis in stipulis,

Verg. G. 3, 100:

stella vesani leonis,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 19:

atra tempestas effusis imbribus,

Verg. A. 5, 694:

furit aestus harenis,

id. ib. 1, 107:

flammae furentes,

id. ib. 4, 670:

furit ardor edendi,

Ov. M. 8, 828:

nec copia argenti tantum furit vita,

Plin. 33, 11, 53, § 147.—With acc. and inf.:

fama furit, versos hostes Poenumque salutem Invenisse fugā,

Sil. 7, 504.—Hence, * fŭrenter, adv., furiously:

pueri autem aiunt eum furenter irasci,

was furiously enraged, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 12.

nūgae, ārum, f. [etym. dub.; old form naugae; cf.: naucum, nux], jokes, jests, idle speeches, trifles, trumpery, nonsense (syn. ineptiae).

Lit.:

aufer nugas,

away with your jesting, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 7:

nugas postulare,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 40; id. Truc. 2, 1, 20; id. Merc. 2, 4, 1:

huncine hominem tantis delectatum esse nugis?

Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30. —Hence, nugas agere, to play the fool:

nisi argentum dederit, nugas egerit,

Plaut. Men. prol. 54; so,

maximas nugas agis,

id. As. 1, 1, 78;

and ellipt. without ago: quo illum sequar? in Persas? nugas,

nonsense! id. Pers. 4, 7, 7; id. Most. 5, 1, 38.—Of verses, trifles:

nescio quid meditans nugarum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 2; cf. Cat. 1, 4; Mart. 9, 1, 5 (cf. also:

versūs et cetera ludicra,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 10).—Of the songs of hired female mourners at a funeral:

haec sunt non nugae: non enim mortualia,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 63.—Acc. to Nonius, Plautus called women's finery nugae, Non. 144, 30; v. nugivendus. —

Transf. (abstr. pro concreto), jesters, jokers, droll fellows:

amicos habet meras nugas,

Cic. Att. 6, 3, 5:

ego Hephaestum... Niciam, ego nugas maximas omni meā comitate sum complexus,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2 comites Graeculi, quocumque ibat:

tum in comitatu nugarum nihil,

id. Mil. 21, 55.

to act foolishly, play the fool, make an ass of one's self.

to play the fool, to trifle.

nūgor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. [id.].

To jest, trifle, play the fool, talk nonsense ( = phluarein;

syn. ludo): Democritus non inscite nugatur, ut physicus,

Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30:

cum aliquo,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 73; cf. id. Ep. 2, 1, 93.—

To trick, cajole, cheat:

nugatur sciens,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 11:

non mihi nugari potes,

id. Ep. 3, 4, 42; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55.

illūdo ( inl-), si, sum, 3 (acc. to the first conj. illudiabant, Gell. 1, 7, 3; perf. subj. inlusseris, Cic. Lael. 26, 99 Bait., Lahm.), v. n. and a. [in-ludo].

Neutr., to play at or with any thing, to sport with, amuse one's self with (syn. colludo; cf. ludificor).

In gen. (very rare):

illudo chartis,

amuse myself with writing, Hor. S. 1, 4, 139:

ima videbatur talis illudere palla,

Tib. 3, 4, 35.—

In partic., pregn.

To make sport or game of, to jest, mock, or jeer at, to ridicule (class.).

With dat.:

ut ne plane videaris hujus miseri fortunis et horum virorum talium dignitati illudere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:

ut semper gaudes illudere rebus Humanis!

Hor. S. 2, 8, 62:

illudere capto,

Verg. A. 2, 64:

discrimini publico,

Suet. Tib. 2:

inlusit Neroni fortuna,

Tac. A. 16, 1 init.; cf. id. ib. 15, 72 fin. —

In aliquem or aliquo:

ego te pro istis factis ulciscar, ut ne impune in nos illuseris,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 20; cf.:

quae cum dixisset in Albucium illudens,

Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

adeon' videmur vobis esse idonei, In quibus sic illudatis?

Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—

Absol.:

illuseras heri inter scyphos, quod dixeram controversiam esse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 22. —

To sport or fool away a thing, i. e. to destroy or waste in sport; in mal. part., to violate, abuse ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

With dat.:

cui (frondi) Silvestres uri assidue capraeque sequaces Illudunt,

Verg. G. 2, 375:

pecuniae illudere,

Tac. H. 2, 94 fin.:

C. Caesar etiam matri ejus illusit,

id. A. 15, 72:

pueritiae Britannici,

id. ib. 13, 17:

feminarum illustrium capitibus,

Suet. Tib. 45.—

Absol.:

tum variae illudant pestes,

Verg. G. 1, 181.—

Act. (in all the meanings of I.).

In gen., to play at or with any thing ( poet. and very rare):

illusas auro vestes,

i. e. lightly interwoven, Verg. G. 2, 464 (dub. al. inclusas); imitated by Avien. Perieg. 1258; cf. the periphrase: illusa pictae vestis inania, Prud. steph. 14, 104.—

In partic., pregn.

To scoff or mock at, to make a laughing-stock of, to ridicule (so most freq.):

satis superbe illuditis me,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 22:

ut is, qui illusus sit plus vidisse videatur. Quid autem turpius quam illudi?

Cic. Lael. 26, 99:

miseros,

id. de Or. 2, 58, 237:

illusi ac destituti,

id. Quint. 16, 51:

facetiis illusus,

Tac. A. 15, 68:

pergisne eam, Laeli, artem illudere, in qua primum excello ipse?

Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

artes,

Ov. M. 9, 66:

ipsa praecepta (rhetorum),

Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87:

illud nimium acumen (opp. admirari ingenium),

id. ib. 1, 57, 243:

voces Neronis, quoties caneret,

Tac. A. 14, 52: verbis virtutem superbis, [p. 887] Verg. A. 9, 634.—

To destroy, ruin, violate, abuse (very rare):

vitam filiae,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 3: illusique pedes (i. e. crapulā) vitiosum ferre recusant Corpus, ruined, i. e. staggering, Hor. S. 2, 7, 108:

corpus alicujus,

Tac. A. 1, 71.

illūdo ( inl-), si, sum, 3 (acc. to the first conj. illudiabant, Gell. 1, 7, 3; perf. subj. inlusseris, Cic. Lael. 26, 99 Bait., Lahm.), v. n. and a. [in-ludo].

Neutr., to play at or with any thing, to sport with, amuse one's self with (syn. colludo; cf. ludificor).

In gen. (very rare):

illudo chartis,

amuse myself with writing, Hor. S. 1, 4, 139:

ima videbatur talis illudere palla,

Tib. 3, 4, 35.—

In partic., pregn.

To make sport or game of, to jest, mock, or jeer at, to ridicule (class.).

With dat.:

ut ne plane videaris hujus miseri fortunis et horum virorum talium dignitati illudere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 54:

ut semper gaudes illudere rebus Humanis!

Hor. S. 2, 8, 62:

illudere capto,

Verg. A. 2, 64:

discrimini publico,

Suet. Tib. 2:

inlusit Neroni fortuna,

Tac. A. 16, 1 init.; cf. id. ib. 15, 72 fin. —

In aliquem or aliquo:

ego te pro istis factis ulciscar, ut ne impune in nos illuseris,

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 20; cf.:

quae cum dixisset in Albucium illudens,

Cic. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

adeon' videmur vobis esse idonei, In quibus sic illudatis?

Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—

Absol.:

illuseras heri inter scyphos, quod dixeram controversiam esse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 22. —

To sport or fool away a thing, i. e. to destroy or waste in sport; in mal. part., to violate, abuse ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

With dat.:

cui (frondi) Silvestres uri assidue capraeque sequaces Illudunt,

Verg. G. 2, 375:

pecuniae illudere,

Tac. H. 2, 94 fin.:

C. Caesar etiam matri ejus illusit,

id. A. 15, 72:

pueritiae Britannici,

id. ib. 13, 17:

feminarum illustrium capitibus,

Suet. Tib. 45.—

Absol.:

tum variae illudant pestes,

Verg. G. 1, 181.—

Act. (in all the meanings of I.).

In gen., to play at or with any thing ( poet. and very rare):

illusas auro vestes,

i. e. lightly interwoven, Verg. G. 2, 464 (dub. al. inclusas); imitated by Avien. Perieg. 1258; cf. the periphrase: illusa pictae vestis inania, Prud. steph. 14, 104.—

In partic., pregn.

To scoff or mock at, to make a laughing-stock of, to ridicule (so most freq.):

satis superbe illuditis me,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 22:

ut is, qui illusus sit plus vidisse videatur. Quid autem turpius quam illudi?

Cic. Lael. 26, 99:

miseros,

id. de Or. 2, 58, 237:

illusi ac destituti,

id. Quint. 16, 51:

facetiis illusus,

Tac. A. 15, 68:

pergisne eam, Laeli, artem illudere, in qua primum excello ipse?

Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

artes,

Ov. M. 9, 66:

ipsa praecepta (rhetorum),

Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87:

illud nimium acumen (opp. admirari ingenium),

id. ib. 1, 57, 243:

voces Neronis, quoties caneret,

Tac. A. 14, 52: verbis virtutem superbis, [p. 887] Verg. A. 9, 634.—

To destroy, ruin, violate, abuse (very rare):

vitam filiae,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 3: illusique pedes (i. e. crapulā) vitiosum ferre recusant Corpus, ruined, i. e. staggering, Hor. S. 2, 7, 108:

corpus alicujus,

Tac. A. 1, 71.